Better ISP Management

This section covers everything related to IP pools, Framed IP and Framed Routes.

Zima automatically configures Mikrotik to prevent the offline IP pool from accessing the Internet. This includes Expired and Blocked users. It does that by adding a rule in Mikrotik > IP > Firewall > Filter Rules. If your users are able to access the internet it means someone has disabled this rule by mistake. ### The fix 1. Go to **IP > Firewall > Filter Rules** 2. Enable the rule again: 

When Mikrotik is reset, the default configuration is applied. Mikrotik's default configuration includes: 1. A DHCP server 2. A NAT rule applied to all networks Those 2 configurations are responsible of allowing access to all users. Here is how to fix that: ### 1- Disabling the DHCP Server Go to **IP > DHCP Server** and disable the server as shown in the screenshot below:  ### 2- Disable the NAT rule applied to all networks 1. Go to **IP > Firewall > NAT** 2. You'll find a rule that has an empty **src-nat** IP range. It means, it does not restrict Internet to a specific range, just any range can have Internet access. 3. You need to disable this rule as shown in the screenshot below:  Congrats, your users now have to authenticate before they can connect to the internet. For more readings about configuring a basic PPP server that allows users to authenticate before having Internet access, check the following post: https://forum.zima.cloud/t/basic-isp-configuration-using-mikrotik-routerboard/668

Zima script does not install software on your router. It adds a VPN client config to connect your router to Zima Cloud (Details here: https://forum.zima.cloud/t/what-is-zima-connection-script/674). Having cleared this point, here's the uninstall script: > /ip firewall filter remove [/ip firewall filter find where in-interface="ZimaVPN"]; /ip firewall filter remove [/ip firewall filter find where comment="Managed By ZIMA"]; /interface ovpn-client remove [find where user~"zima"]; /user remove [find where name ~"zima"]; It removes the following items: - Firewall rules managed by Zima. - ZimaVPN - API Credentials ### Step 1 Paste the uninstall script in Mikrotik terminal and press **enter**.  ### Step 2 Optional step in case you have edited the API service to protect from API attacks(details here: https://forum.zima.cloud/t/faq-how-to-protect-my-router-from-api-attacks/655) 1. Go to **IP > Services** 2. Remove 10.214.0.0/16 if listed in the **Available From** field on the API.  3. Disable the API service if no other software is using it. 

Briefly, Zima connection script instructs your router to connect to Zima Cloud. You can totally use Zima without the need to get into the technicality of it. However if you'd like to know what it is all about, here is the breakdown of the different components of the script and what each part is responsible of: # 1. RouterOS Version Check >{put "\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\r================================\r\n ZIMA Connection Script\r\n================================\n"; :local ver [tostr [system package get system version]]; :local verstr ""; :for i from=0 to=([:len $ver] -1) step=1 do={ :local char value=[:pick $ver $i]; :if ($char = ".") do={ :set char value="," }; :set verstr value=($verstr.$char); }; :local verarr [toarray $verstr]; :local major [pick $verarr 0]; :local minor [pick $verarr 1]; **if** ((major < 6) || (major = 6 && minor < 14)) do= { put "Checking RouterOS version... Update Required! ($ver)"; return "\n=============================================\n\rERROR! Your RouterOS version is outdated! \n\rPlease upgrade to version 6.14 or newer.\n\r=============================================\r\n\n";} **else**={ put "Checking RouterOS version... Pass! ($ver)"; - Checks for the correct version of RouterOS. - If the current version is outdated, and error message is displayed and the script stops. - The minimum required is 6.14. # 2. ZimaVPN setup >/ip firewall filter remove [/ip firewall filter find where in-interface="ZimaVPN"]; /interface ovpn-client remove [find where user~"zima"]; /interface ovpn-client add name=ZimaVPN user=zima3WWCCgevtK4____ password=zimaVZ9c9gd1RA____ connect-to=vpn.zima.cloud port=1190 cipher=aes128 auth=sha1; put "Configuring VPN... Done!"; - Removes any existing Firewall rule related to ZimaVPN. - Recreates ZimaVPN client. # 3.API Credentials > /user remove [find where name ~"zima"]; /user add name=zimaEpP6TMbYL1K____ password=zimaAthXOEuzKmW____ group=full; put "Adding API Credentials... Done!"; - Removes any existing credentials. - Adds the correct credentials. **Note**: This step requires an admin login with type full. # 4. Firewall Rule > if ([:len [tostr [/ip firewall filter find]]]>0) do={/ip firewall filter add chain=input src-address=10.214.0.0/16 in-interface=ZimaVPN action=accept place-before=0 comment=ZimaVPN;} else={/ip firewall filter add chain=input src-address=10.214.0.0/16 in-interface=ZimaVPN action=accept comment=ZimaVPN; }; put "Adding Firewall rule... Done!"; - Adds an **accept** rule for **ZimaVPN** using the VPN IP range **10.214.0.0/16** - Rule is added at the top of filter rules. # 5. API Service >/ip service set api port=8728 disabled=no; :local avfarr [/ip service get api address]; :local avfrom [tostr [/ip service get api address]]; :local avf value=""; :if (([:len $avfrom] > 0) && ([:find $avfarr "10.214.0.0/16" -1] < 0)) do={set avf ($avfrom.";10.214.0.0/16");}; :local newavf value=""; :if ([:find $avf ";" -1] > 0) do={ :for i from=0 to=([:len $avf] -1) step=1 do={ :local char value=[:pick $avf $i]; :if ($char = ";") do={ :set char value="," }; :set newavf value=($newavf.$char); }; /ip service set api address=$newavf; }; put "Configuring API Access... Done!"; - **Enables** the API Service. - Adjusts "**Available From**" field to accept traffic from the VPN range **10.214.0.0/16** - If "Available From" is empty, it remains that way. # 6. Disable Fasttrack >if ([len [tostr [/ip firewall filter find action=fasttrack-connection disabled=no]]]>0) do={put "Disabling Fasttrack rules... Reboot Recommended"; /ip firewall filter disable [/ip firewall filter find action=fasttrack-connection];} else={ /ip firewall filter disable [/ip firewall filter find action=fasttrack-connection]; put "Disabling Fasttrack rules... Done!";}; put "\r\n================================================================\r\nSUCCESS!! Your Router has been configured successfully!\r\n================================================================\r\n\n\n\n"; }} - Checks for existing Fasttrack rules and disables them. - If any rule is found, a reboot is recommended for quota control to work. - Script success message. ---- To uninstall the connection script from the router check the following link: https://forum.zima.cloud/t/how-do-i-uninstall-zima-from-my-router/675

Speaking of payment getaway integration, there is an informative article by [Cleveroad](https://www.cleveroad.com/blog/all-you-need-to-know-about-the-payment-gateway-integration-into-an-app) about that.

Below is a simple scenario of how a basic ISP works and the minimum requirements:  What you need: - A Mikrotik router. - A backbone network that provides Layer 2 connectivity. It consists of cables, switches, wireless point-to-point, fiber, etc... In this setup, the subscribers are connected via 2 switches to **ether2** and **ether3** on the router, and they use PPPoE to authenticate with their unique username and password. # Router Configuration: ## 1. **IP > DHCP Client:** - Create new DHCP Client for **ether1**:  ## 2. **PPP > PPPoE Servers:** - Create PPPoE server for **ether2** and **ether3**:  ## 3. **IP > Routes:** - Verify default route:  ## 4. **IP > DNS:** - Check **Allow Remote Requests**:  ## 5. IP > Pool: - Create IP Pool to be used for pppoe clients:  ## 6. IP > Firewall > NAT: - Add a **masquerade** rule for your IP Pool:  ## 7. PPP > Profiles: - Create a PPP profile. Select your **IP Pool** as remote address. Use **an IP outside the selected pool** for local address:  ## 8. PPP > Secrets: - Create a PPP secret with the previously created profile:  # Client Configuration: - On client router, select PPPoE as the WAN connection and enter the ppp username and password. 

The Local Address serves as **gateway address** on client-side. Since PPP is a one-to-one communication, the local address doesn't have to belong to any range.  The default local address (10.0.0.1) works in most cases and doesn't need to be changed. Here's an example: - **IP Range:** 192.168.100.0/24 - **Local Address:** 10.0.0.1 ### PPPoE connection details:  ### Routes:  ### Conclusion As we can see, the example above with the gateway 10.0.0.1 works despite that it does not belong to the same range.

If you registered your ISP before the [IP Pools revamp](https://forum.zima.cloud/t/how-to-configure-ip-pools/657) on June 1st 2020, your IP pools may have the same IP ranges across all of your routers. Here is how you can redistribute your IP addresses to prevent conflicts. - Log in as administrator and go to **Settings > IP Pools**::  - Select an **IP pool** and click Edit:  - On the **Routers** tab, look for duplicate ranges:  ### You can do either: - Split the ranges manually such as: 10.100.0.0/24 10.100.1.0/24 - Use the **IP Ranges Allocator** to distribute your ranges equally for all routers:  Save your changes when you are done.

Our previous default config created 4 IP pools. For a simpler management experience, we have narrowed the default IP pools config to just two: online-pool and offline-pool. If you happen to have 4 IP pools, no worries. This guide shows you how you can clean the unnecessary pools to simplify your configuration. # Two Steps ## 1. Edit the service plans - Log in as admin and go to Settings > Service Plans:  - Select a service plan:  - Instead of having default-blocked, default-ruleBlocked as separate pools, we will set them all to **default-expired** as displayed in the screenshot below:  **Repeat the steps for ALL your service plans.** ## 2. Delete the unused pools After that you have edited the IP pools section of all your service plans. - Go to Settings > IP Pools  - Now we can delete **default-blocked** and **default-ruleBlocked** as shown in the screenshot below:  ## Optional: Rename the expired pool to **offline-pool** - Select **default-expired** and click the edit button:  - Rename it to **offline-pool** and click Save Changes:  Congratulations, you have cleaned up the unnecessary IP pools for a simpler management experience.